Abstracts Engineering

Electrification of Last-Mile Transport : A Study of Charging Infrastructure and Collaborative Business Model

by Elin Johansson

Electrification of the transport sector is an important step in reducing the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Compared to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), electric vehicles (EVs) produce no tail-pipe emissions and could be coupled with responsible energy production from renewable energy sources to reduce coupled emissions of their operation. One particularly interesting segment of the transport sector is the light-duty trucks (LDTs) commonly utilized in last-mile distribution. These vehicles are responsible for the third largest GHG-emissions in the road transportation sector in Sweden and is not as detailly covered in existing research compared to heavy-duty and passenger vehicles. At the same time usage of these vehicles is increasing due to the rapid increase of e-commerce. The objective of this thesis therefore is to investigate the potential of electrification for LDTs in last-mile distribution, operating in Stockholm, Sweden. The study is conducted through a techno economical optimization along with a business model innovation coupled to the current last mile operation of three collaborating partner companies. In this way, real world cases are included in the study to reflect on the feasibility of electrification of these vehicles. Conclusions of the study shows that electrification of the LDTs in last-mile operation in Stockholm, Sweden is possible. However, it would require value-adding measures to gain economic profit when transitioning from ICEVs. In addition, there also exists practical challenges as there is a significant need for route charging for several vehicles in the analyzed company fleets. This implies that operational driving behavior is required to be reviewed to reduce the requirement of route charging. Additionally, there is a need for investigating how route charging could be supplied to the companies. Elektrifiering av transportsektorn är ett viktigt steg för att minska de globala utsläppen av växthusgaser (GHG). Jämfört med traditionella fordon med förbränningsmotorer (ICEVs) ger elfordon (EVs) inga direkta avgasutsläpp och skulle kunna kopplas till ansvarsfull energiproduktion från förnybara energikällor för att minska de kopplade utsläppen från deras drift. Ett särskilt intressant segment av transportsektorn är de lätta lastbilarna (LDTs) som vanligtvis används i last-mile distribution. Dessa fordon är ansvariga för de tredje största utsläppen av växthusgaser inom vägtransportsektorn i Sverige och täcks inte lika ingående i befintlig forskning jämfört med tunga fordon och personbilar. Samtidigt ökar användningen av dessa fordon på grund av den snabba ökningen av e-handel. Syftet med denna avhandling är därför att undersöka potentialen för elektrifiering för LDTs i last-mile distribution, verksamma i Stockholm, Sverige. Studien genomförs genom en tekno-ekonomisk optimering tillsammans med en affärsmodellinnovation kopplad till den nuvarande verksamheten hos tre deltagande partnerföretag. På så sätt inkluderas verkliga fall i studien för att…